Gifts of the Spirit
The gifts of the Spirit, also known as spiritual gifts or charisms, are special abilities bestowed by the Holy Spirit upon Christians for the building up of the Church and the glorification of God. They are not earned, but graciously given according to God’s will (1 Corinthians 12:11). It’s important to remember that all gifts are valuable, and none are inherently “better” than others. Their purpose is to equip believers for service and ministry.
This guide explores the gifts mentioned in Scripture, primarily in Romans 12, 1 Corinthians 12-14, and Ephesians 4, though other passages also touch on the topic. It’s worth noting that different lists exist, and some gifts may overlap or be categorized differently. This guide offers a general overview:
I. Gifts of Utterance (Speaking Gifts):
- Prophecy: Speaking forth God’s message, which can include foretelling the future (though this is not the primary function) but more often involves proclaiming God’s truth to the present situation, offering edification, exhortation, and comfort (1 Corinthians 14:3).
- Tongues (Glossolalia): Speaking in a language unknown to the speaker, often understood as a sign for unbelievers (1 Corinthians 14:22).
- Interpretation of Tongues: The ability to understand and communicate the meaning of a message spoken in tongues. This gift is essential for tongues to be edifying to the church (1 Corinthians 14:13).
- Word of Wisdom: The ability to apply God’s truth to specific situations with discernment and insight. This is more than just knowledge; it’s wisdom applied (1 Corinthians 12:8).
- Word of Knowledge: Revealing knowledge or insight into a situation or person, often beyond natural means.This can be related to past, present, or future (1 Corinthians 12:8).
- Teaching: Clearly explaining and applying God’s Word in a way that others can understand and learn (Romans 12:7).
- Exhortation (Encouragement): Motivating and encouraging others in their faith journey, often involving practical application of biblical principles (Romans 12:8).
II. Gifts of Service (Serving Gifts):
- Apostleship: Being sent out with a special commission to establish and lead churches (Ephesians 4:11). This gift is often associated with the early church.
- Helping (Ministering/Serving): Practical assistance and support to those in need, both within the church and the wider community (Romans 12:7; 1 Corinthians 12:28).
- Administration (Leadership/Governance): The ability to organize, manage, and lead effectively, guiding the church in its mission (1 Corinthians 12:28).
- Giving: Generously sharing resources with others, especially those in need (Romans 12:8). This involves a cheerful and willing spirit.
- Mercy: Showing compassion and practical care to those who are suffering, both physically and emotionally (Romans 12:8).
III. Gifts of Power (Miraculous Gifts):
- Faith: A special measure of faith that enables one to believe God for extraordinary things, including miracles (1 Corinthians 12:9). This is distinct from the general faith all Christians possess.
- Gifts of Healing: The ability to supernaturally heal physical and emotional ailments (1 Corinthians 12:9, 28).
- Working of Miracles: Performing supernatural acts that defy natural laws, demonstrating God’s power (1 Corinthians 12:10, 28).
- Discernment (of Spirits): The ability to distinguish between true and false spiritual influences (1 Corinthians 12:10).
IV. Other Important Considerations:
- Love is Essential: 1 Corinthians 13 emphasizes that love is the greatest gift and the essential context for all other gifts. Without love, the gifts are meaningless.
- Desire the Greater Gifts: While all gifts are valuable, Paul encourages believers to desire the greater gifts, especially those that build up the church, like prophecy (1 Corinthians 14:1).
- Unity in Diversity: The gifts are given to different individuals, fostering interdependence and highlighting the importance of every member in the body of Christ (1 Corinthians 12:12-27).
- Strive for Edification: The primary purpose of the gifts is to build up the church, not to draw attention to oneself (1 Corinthians 14:26).
- Not All Possess Every Gift: 1 Corinthians 12:29-30 makes it clear that not every believer will have every gift. This reinforces the idea of diverse roles within the body of Christ.